Genetic Predisposition to Coronary Artery Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Author:

van Zuydam Natalie R.123ORCID,Ladenvall Claes4ORCID,Voight Benjamin F.567ORCID,Strawbridge Rona J.8ORCID,Fernandez-Tajes Juan3ORCID,Rayner N. William239ORCID,Robertson Neil R.23,Mahajan Anubha23,Vlachopoulou Efthymia10,Goel Anuj311ORCID,Kleber Marcus E.,Nelson Christopher P.1213,Kwee Lydia Coulter14ORCID,Esko Tõnu15ORCID,Mihailov Evelin15,Mägi Reedik15ORCID,Milani Lili15ORCID,Fischer Krista15ORCID,Kanoni Stavroula1617181920ORCID,Kumar Jitender2122,Song Ci21232425,Hartiala Jaana A.26ORCID,Pedersen Nancy L.27ORCID,Perola Markus281529ORCID,Gieger Christian303132,Peters Annette303233ORCID,Qu Liming343536,Willems Sara M.37ORCID,Doney Alex S.F.38,Morris Andrew D.3940,Zheng Yan3541ORCID,Sesti Giorgio42ORCID,Hu Frank B.354344ORCID,Qi Lu343536ORCID,Laakso Markku4546ORCID,Thorsteinsdottir Unnur47,Grallert Harald30314849,van Duijn Cornelia37ORCID,Reilly Muredach P.34ORCID,Ingelsson Erik21505152,Deloukas Panos1753ORCID,Kathiresan Sek1617181920ORCID,Metspalu Andres1554ORCID,Shah Svati H.5514,Sinisalo Juha56ORCID,Salomaa Veikko29ORCID,Hamsten Anders8,Samani Nilesh J.1213ORCID,März Winfried5758,Hazen Stanley L.59ORCID,Watkins Hugh311ORCID,Saleheen Danish6061,Morris Andrew P.36263,Colhoun Helen M.6465ORCID,Groop Leif4,McCarthy Mark I.2366ORCID,Palmer Colin N.A.1ORCID,Danesh John,Erdmann Jeanette,Gu Dongfeng,Kooner Jaspal S.,Roberts Robert,Schunkert Heribert,Assimes Themistocles L.,Blankenberg Stefan,Boehm Bernhard O.,Chambers John C.,Clarke Robert,Collins Rory,Dedoussis George,Franks Paul W.,Hovingh G. Kees,Kim Bong-Jo,Lehtimäki Terho,McPherson Ruth,Nieminen Markku S,O’Donnell Christopher,Ripatti Samuli,Sandhu Manjinder S,Schreiber Stefan,Siegbahn Agneta,Willer Cristen J.,Zalloua Pierre A.,Mark Michael,Kanninen Timo,Thorand Barbara,Remuzzi Giuseppe,Dunger David,Shore Angela,Smith Ulf,Groop Per-HenrikORCID,Ylä-Herttuala Seppo,Cobelli Claudio,Bellazzi Riccardo,Ferrannini Ele,Patrono Carlo,Nuutila Pirjo,McKeague Paul,Steckel-Hamann Birgit,Gan Li-ming,Nogoceke Everson,Tortoli Piero,Jablonka Bernd,Brosnan Mary-Julia

Affiliation:

1. Pat Macpherson Center for Pharmacogenetics & Pharmacogenomics, Cardiovascular & Diabetes Medicine (N.R.v.Z., C.N.A.P.), School of Medicine, University of Dundee.

2. Oxford Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (N.R.v.Z., N.W.R., N.R.R., A. Mahajan, M.I.Mc), University of Oxford, United Kingdom.

3. Wellcome Center for Human Genetics (N.R.v.Z., J.F.T., N.W.R., N.R.R, A. Mahajan, A.G., H.W., A.P.M., M.I.Mc), University of Oxford, United Kingdom.

4. Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes & Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Center, Malmö, Sweden (C.L., L.G.).

5. Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics (B.F.V.)

6. Department of Genetics (B.F.V.)

7. Institute for Translational Medicine & Therapeutics (B.F.V.)

8. Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden (R.J.S., A.H.).

9. Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom (N.W.R.).

10. Transplantation Laboratory, Haartman Institute (E.V.), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

11. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (A.G., H.W.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom.

12. Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester (C.P.N., N.J.S.).

13. NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Center, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom (C.P.N., N.J.S.).

14. Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (L.C.K., S.H.S.).

15. Estonian Genome Center (T.E., E.M., R.M., L.M., K.F., M.P., A. Metspalu), University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.

16. Center for Genomic Health (S.K.), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.

17. William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & the London Medical School (S.K., P.D.), Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.

18. Broad Institute of MIT & Harvard, Cambridge (S.K.).

19. Cardiology Division, Center for Human Genetic Research (S.K.), Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.

20. Cardiovascular Research Center (S.K.), Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.

21. Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology & Science for Life Laboratory (J.K., C.S., E.I.)

22. Center for Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India (J.K.).

23. Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Medical Genetics & Genomics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (C.S.).

24. Framingham Heart Study (C.S.).

25. Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung & Blood Institute, National Institute of Health, Framingham, MA (C.S.).

26. Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (J.A.H.).

27. Department of Medical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (N.L.P.).

28. Research Program for Clinical & Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine (M.P.), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.

29. National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (M.P., V.S.).

30. German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg (C.G., A.P., H.G.).

31. Clinical Cooperation Group Type 2 Diabetes (C.G., H.G.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.

32. German Research Center for Environmental Health & Institute of Genetic Epidemiology (C.G., A.P.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.

33. DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (A.P.).

34. Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (L.Q., M.P.R.).

35. Department of Nutrition (Y.Z., F.B.H., L.Q.)

36. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health & Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (L.Q.).

37. Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (S.M.W., C.v.D.).

38. Division of Molecular & Clinical Medicine (A.S.F.D.), School of Medicine, University of Dundee.

39. The Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences & Informatics (A.D.M.), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, U.K.

40. Health Data Research UK, London, United Kingdom (A.D.M.).

41. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (Y.Z.).

42. University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Italy (G.S.).

43. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA (F.B.H.).

44. Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (F.B.H.).

45. Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland (M.L.).

46. Kuopio University Hospital, Finland (M.L.).

47. Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland. deCODE Genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland (U.T.).

48. Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology (H.G.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.

49. Clinical Cooperation Group Nutrigenomics & Type 2 Diabetes (H.G.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.

50. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine (E.I.).

51. Stanford Cardiovascular Institute (E.I.)

52. Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (E.I.).

53. Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (P.D.).

54. Institute of Cell & Molecular Biology (A. Metspalu), University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.

55. Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center (S.H.S.)

56. Heart & Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital (J.S.) and Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland.

57. Synlab Academy, Synlab Holding Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim, Germany (W.M.).

58. Clinical Institute of Medical & Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Austria (W.M.).

59. Lerner Research Institute, Heart & Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH (S.L.H.).

60. Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (D.S.).

61. Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan (D.S.).

62. Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K. (A.P.M.).

63. Division of Musculoskeletal & Dermatological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K. (A.P.M.).

64. MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine (H.M.C.), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, U.K.

65. Public Health, NHS Fife, Kirkcaldy, Fife, U.K. (H.M.C.).

66. Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Center, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom (M.I.Mc).

Abstract

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is accelerated in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Methods: To test whether this reflects differential genetic influences on CAD risk in subjects with T2D, we performed a systematic assessment of genetic overlap between CAD and T2D in 66 643 subjects (27 708 with CAD and 24 259 with T2D). Variants showing apparent association with CAD in stratified analyses or evidence of interaction were evaluated in a further 117 787 subjects (16 694 with CAD and 11 537 with T2D). Results: None of the previously characterized CAD loci was found to have specific effects on CAD in T2D individuals, and a genome-wide interaction analysis found no new variants for CAD that could be considered T2D specific. When we considered the overall genetic correlations between CAD and its risk factors, we found no substantial differences in these relationships by T2D background. Conclusions: This study found no evidence that the genetic architecture of CAD differs in those with T2D compared with those without T2D.

Publisher

Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)

Subject

General Medicine

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