Elevation of B‐Type Natriuretic Peptide at Discharge is Associated With 2‐Year Mortality After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis: Insights From a Multicenter Prospective OCEAN‐TAVI (Optimized Transcatheter Valvular Intervention–Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation) Registry

Abstract

Background In this study, we sought to investigate the 2‐year prognostic impact of B‐type natriuretic peptide ( BNP ) levels at discharge, following transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Methods and Results We enrolled 1094 consecutive patients who underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement between 2013 and 2016. Study patients were stratified into 2 groups according to survival classification and regression tree analysis (high versus low BNP groups). We evaluated the impact of high BNP on 2‐year mortality compared with that of low BNP using a multivariable Cox model, and assessed whether this stratification would improve predictive accuracy for determining 2‐year mortality by assessing time‐dependent net reclassification improvement and integrated discrimination improvement. The median age of patients was 85 years (quartile 82–88), and 29.2% of the study population were men. The median Society of Thoracic Surgeons score was 6.8 (4.7–9.5), and BNP at discharge was 186 (93–378) pg/mL. All‐cause mortality following discharge was 7.9% (95% CI, 5.8–9.9%) at 1 year and 15.4% (95% CI, 11.6–19.0%) at 2 years. The survival classification and regression tree analysis revealed that the discriminating BNP level to discern 2‐year mortality was 202 pg/mL, and that elevated BNP had a statistically significant impact on outcomes, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 2.28 (1.36–3.82, P =0.002). The time‐dependent net reclassification improvement ( P =0.047) and integrated discrimination improvement ( P =0.029) analysis revealed that the incorporation of BNP stratification with other clinical variables significantly improved predictive accuracy for 2‐year mortality. Conclusions Elevation of BNP at discharge is associated with 2‐year mortality after transcatheter aortic valve replacement.