1. Johns Hopkins Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Center of Excellence, Baltimore, MD
2. Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
3. Institute of Public Health, National Yang‐Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
4. Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
5. UCSF HCM Center of Excellence, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA