1. From the Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine (S.J., M.P., S.M.K., C.H., S.M.C., R.C.B., P.F.), Department of Epidemiology (S.M.K.), and Division of Cardiology (D.O., P.C.C.), Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY; and Division of Cardiology (T.H.L.), Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, La.