1. From the Cardiovascular Special Studies Center, US Renal Data System (C.A.H., J.Z.M., A.J.C.), and Department of Internal Medicine, Divisions of Cardiology (C.A.H.) and Nephrology (A.J.C.), Hennepin County Medical Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, and the Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee, Memphis (J.Z.M.).