Genetic Susceptibility, Dietary Protein Intake, and Changes of Blood Pressure

Author:

Sun Dianjianyi12,Zhou Tao1,Li Xiang1,Heianza Yoriko1,Liang Zhaoxia134,Bray George A.5,Sacks Frank M.67,Qi Lu167

Affiliation:

1. From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (D.S., T.Z., X.L., Y.H., Z.L., L.Q.)

2. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China (D.S.)

3. Department of Obstetrics, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China (Z.L.)

4. Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, China (Z.L.)

5. Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA (G.A.B.)

6. Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (F.M.S., L.Q.)

7. Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (F.M.S., L.Q.).

Abstract

High blood pressure (BP) is closely related to obesity, and weight loss lowers BP. Evidence has shown considerable interpersonal variation of changes in BP among people experiencing weight loss, and such variation might be partly determined by genetic factors. We assessed the changes in systolic and diastolic BP (SBP/DBP) among 692 participants randomly assigned to 1 of 4 diets varying in macronutrient content for 2 years. Two separate polygenic scores (SBP/DBP-PGS derived from 52/50 single nucleotide polymorphisms) were built for each participant based on 66 BP-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms. During a 2-year intervention, participants in the bottom versus upper tertile of SBP/DBP-PGS had a greater decrease in SBP (△SBP at 6, 12, and 24 months: −3.84 versus −1.61, −4.76 versus −2.75, −2.49 versus −1.63; P =0.001) or in DBP (△DBP at 6, 12, and 24 months: −3.09 versus −1.34, −2.69 versus −1.44, −1.82 versus −0.53; P <0.001). We also found gene-diet interaction on changes in SBP from baseline to 24 months ( P interaction =0.009). Among participants assigned to a high-protein diet, those with a lower SBP-polygenic scores had greater decreases in SBP at months 6 ( P =0.018), months 12 ( P =0.007), and months 24 ( P =0.089); while no significant difference was observed across the SBP-polygenic scores tertile groups among those assigned to an average-protein diet (all P values >0.05). Our data indicate that genetic susceptibility may affect BP changes in response to weight-loss diet interventions, and protein intake may modify the genetic associations with changes in BP. This trial was registered at URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT00072995.

Publisher

Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)

Subject

Internal Medicine

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