Intravenous Thrombolysis in Unknown-Onset Stroke

Author:

Dorado Laura1,Ahmed Niaz1,Thomalla Götz1,Lozano Manuel1,Malojcic Branko1,Wani Mushtaq1,Millán Mònica1,Tomek Ales1,Dávalos Antoni1

Affiliation:

1. From the Department of Neurosciences, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain (L.D., M.L., M.M., A.D.); Karolinska University Hospital, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (N.A.); Department of Neurology, Center for Clinical Neurosciences, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (G.T.); Department of Neurology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Croatia (B.M.); Department of Stroke Medicine, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United...

Abstract

Background and Purpose— Stroke patients with unknown onset (UKO) are excluded from thrombolytic therapy. We aim to study the safety and efficacy of intravenous alteplase in ischemic stroke patients with UKO of symptoms compared with those treated within 4.5 hours in a large cohort. Methods— Data were analyzed from 47 237 patients with acute ischemic stroke receiving intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator in hospitals participating in the Safe Implementation of Treatment in Stroke-International Stroke Thrombolysis Registry between 2010 and 2014. Two groups were defined: (1) patients with UKO (n=502) and (2) patients treated within 4.5 hours of stroke onset (n=44 875). Outcome measures were symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage per Safe Implementation of Treatment in Stroke on the 22 to 36 hours post-treatment neuroimaging and mortality and functional outcome assessed by the modified Rankin Scale at 3 months. Results— Patients in UKO group were significantly older, had more severe stroke at baseline, and longer door-to-needle times than patients in the ≤4.5 hours group. Logistic regression showed similar risk of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (adjusted odds ratio, 1.09; 95% confidence interval, 0.44–2.67) and no significant differences in functional independency (modified Rankin Scale score of 0–2; adjusted odds ratio, 0.79; 95% confidence interval, 0.56–1.10), but higher mortality (adjusted odds ratio, 1.58; 95% confidence interval, 1.04–2.41) in the UKO group compared with the ≤4.5 hours group. Patients treated within 4.5 hours showed reduced disability over the entire range of modified Rankin Scale compared with the UKO group (common adjusted odds ratio, 1.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–1.65). Conclusions— Our data suggest no excess risk of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage but increased mortality and reduced favorable outcome in patients with UKO stroke compared with patients treated within the approved time window.

Publisher

Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)

Subject

Advanced and Specialized Nursing,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine,Neurology (clinical)

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