Shared Medical Appointments in Heart Failure for Post Acute Care Follow‐Up: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Background Shared medical appointments (SMAs) in heart failure (HF) are medical visits where several patients with HF meet with multidisciplinary providers at the same time for efficient and comprehensive care. It is unknown whether HF‐SMAs can improve overall and cardiac health status for high‐risk patients with HF discharged from acute care. Methods and Results A 3‐site, open‐label, randomized‐controlled‐trial was conducted. Participants within 12 weeks of HF acute care (emergency‐room/hospitalization) requiring intravenous diuretic therapy were randomized to receive either HF‐SMA or usual HF clinical care (usual‐care) on a 1:1 ratio. The HF‐SMA team, which consisted of a nurse, nutritionist, psychologist, nurse practitioner and/or a clinical pharmacist, provided four 2‐hour session HF‐SMAs that met every other week for 8 weeks. Primary outcomes were the overall health status measured by European Quality of Life Visual Analog Scale and cardiac health status by Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire, 180 days postrandomization. Of the 242 patients enrolled (HF‐SMA n=117, usual‐care n=125, mean age 69.3±9.4 years, 71.5% White patients, 94.6% male), 84% of participants completed the study (n=8 HF‐SMA and n=9 usual‐care patients died). After 180 days, both HF‐SMA and usual‐care participants had significant improvements from baseline in Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire that were not statistically different. Only HF‐SMA participants had significant improvements in European Quality of Life Visual Analog Scale (mean change = 7.2±15.8 in HF‐SMA versus −0.4±19.0 points in usual‐care, P  < 0.001). Conclusions Both HF‐SMA and usual‐care in participants with HF achieved significant improvements in cardiac health status, but only a team approach through HF‐SMA achieved significant improvements in overall health status. Future larger studies are needed to evaluate hospitalization and death outcomes. Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: NCT02481921.