Association Among Noncalcified Coronary Burden, Fractional Flow Reserve, and Myocardial Injury in Psoriasis

Abstract

Background Myocardial infarction and premature death have been observed in patients with psoriasis. Although inflammation‐driven accelerated atherosclerosis has been proposed as a mechanism, the relationship between subclinical noncalcified coronary burden (NCB), functional coronary flow impairment, and myocardial injury is unclear. Methods and Results In an ongoing longitudinal cohort study, 202 consecutive patients with psoriasis (168 at 1 year) underwent coronary computed tomography angiography to identify coronary plaque, quantify NCB, and calculate coronary fractional flow reserve by computed tomography. Serum high‐sensitivity troponin‐T (hs‐cTn‐T) was measured using a fifth‐generation assay. Overall, patients were middle‐aged, predominantly male, and low cardiovascular risk. A higher than median NCB associated with a positive hs‐cTn‐T (fully adjusted model [odds ratio (OR), 1.72; 95% CI, 1.10–2.69, P =0.018]) at baseline. Additionally, patients with a higher than median baseline NCB had higher odds of positive hs‐cTn‐T at 1 year in fully adjusted analyses (adjusted OR, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.47–3.79, P <0.001). Higher NCB was associated with a higher frequency of fractional flow reserve by computed tomography ≤0.80 (36.11% versus 25.11%, Pearson χ 2 =6.84, P =0.009, unadjusted OR, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.36–3.22, P <0.001) and higher frequency of a positive hs‐cTn‐T (54.36% versus 27.54%, Pearson χ 2 =32.23, P <0.001) in adjusted models (OR, 2.63; 95% CI, 1.56–4.42, P <0.001). Conclusions NCB was associated with hs‐cTn‐T at baseline as well as at 1 year. Furthermore, patients with high NCB had higher prevalence of fractional flow reserve by computed tomography ≤0.80 and a >2‐ fold higher odds of positive hs‐cTn‐T. These findings underscore the importance of early vascular disease in driving myocardial injury, and support conduct of myocardial perfusion studies to better understand these findings.