Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Genetic Variant rs5065 and Risk for Cardiovascular Disease in the General Community

Abstract

We analyzed the phenotype associated with the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) genetic variant rs5065 in a random community-based sample. We also assessed and compared the biological action of 2 concentrations (10 −10 mol/L, 10 –8 mol/L) of ANP and ANP-RR, the protein variant encoded by the minor allele of rs5065, on activation of the guanylyl cyclase (GC)-A and GC-B receptors, production of the second messenger 3′,5′-cGMP in endothelial cells, and endothelial permeability. rs5065 genotypes were determined in a cross-sectional adult cohort from Olmsted County, MN (n=1623). Genotype frequencies for rs5065 were 75%, 24%, and 1% for TT, TC, and CC, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the C allele was associated with increased risk of cerebrovascular accident (hazard ratio, 1.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.09–1.86; P =0.009) and higher prevalence of myocardial infarction (odds ratio, 1.82; 95% confidence interval, 1.07–3.09; P =0.026). ANP-RR 10 −8 mol/L activated the GC-A receptor (83.07±8.31 versus no treatment 0.18±0.04 per 6 wells; P =0.006), whereas ANP-RR 10 −10 mol/L did not. Neither 10 −8 mol/L nor 10 −10 mol/L ANP-RR activated GC-B receptor ( P =0.10, P =0.35). ANP 10 −8 mol/L and ANP-RR 10 −8 mol/L stimulated 3′,5′-cGMP production in endothelial cells similarly ( P =0.58). Both concentrations of ANP-RR significantly enhanced human aortic endothelial cell permeability (69 versus 29 relative fluorescence units [RFUs], P =0.012; 58 versus 39 RFUs, P =0.015) compared with ANP. The minor allele of rs5065 was associated with increased cardiovascular risk. ANP-RR activated the GC-A receptor, increased 3′,5′-cGMP in endothelial cells, and when compared with ANP, augmented endothelial cell permeability.