Carotid Pressure Is a Better Predictor of Coronary Artery Disease Severity Than Brachial Pressure

Abstract

The mechanisms relating pulse pressure to cardiovascular outcome may include surrogacy for coronary disease severity. Although pulse pressure is typically measured at the brachial artery, central pulse pressure and its principal determinant, large-artery stiffness, may relate more closely to disease severity. This study aimed to determine the relationships between large-artery stiffness and carotid and brachial blood pressures and coronary artery disease severity. One hundred fourteen male patients with coronary artery disease (age 60±8 years, mean±SD) and 57 age-matched healthy male controls (age 59±9 years) were recruited. Patients were classified into 2 groups based on the magnitude of their maximum coronary stenosis: moderate (50% to 89%) and severe (≥90%). Large-artery stiffness was assessed as systemic arterial compliance and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity. Mean pressure was not different between the 3 groups. Systemic compliance and carotid pulse pressure were significantly different between all 3 groups, with compliance lowest and pressure highest in the severe group ( P <0.05). Pulse wave velocity was higher in patients with severe stenosis than in those with moderate stenosis ( P <0.01) and those in the control group ( P <0.001). Brachial pulse pressure was higher in patients than in controls ( P <0.05), but there was no difference between the 2 disease groups. In separate multivariate analyses, carotid pressures and systemic arterial compliance were determinants of coronary artery disease severity, independent of age, smoking status, body mass index, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, cholesterol levels (total, LDL, and HDL), triglycerides, and β-antagonist and lipid-lowering therapy ( P <0.001), whereas brachial pressures and pulse wave velocity were not. In conclusion, central blood pressures and systemic arterial compliance are more sensitive markers of coronary artery disease severity than brachial pressures.