Fibrinolytic Variables and Cardiovascular Prognosisin Patients With Stable Angina Pectoris Treated With Verapamil or Metoprolol

Abstract

Background Disturbed fibrinolytic function may influence the progression of coronary atherosclerosis and contribute to thrombotic cardiovascular (CV) events. Methods and Results In the Angina Prognosis Study In Stockholm (APSIS), patients with stable angina pectoris were studied prospectively during double-blind treatment with metoprolol or verapamil. Various measures of fibrinolytic function were studied in 631 (of 809) patients. During a median follow-up time of 3.2 years (2132 patient-years), 32 patients suffered a CV death, 21 had a nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), and 77 underwent revascularization. Plasma levels of tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) activity and antigen (ag), plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) activity at rest, and TPA responses to exercise were determined at baseline and after 1 month's treatment and were related to subsequent fatal and nonfatal CV events. Univariate Cox regression analysis revealed that elevated levels of TPA-ag at rest ( P <.05), high PAI-1 activity ( P <.05), and low TPA-ag responses to exercise ( P <.05) were associated with increased risk of subsequent CV death. After adjustment for baseline risk factors, TPA-ag independently predicted CV death or MI. In addition, PAI-1 activity independently predicted CV death or MI in male patients. Verapamil treatment was associated with a 10% decrease of TPA-ag levels and metoprolol treatment with a 2% increase ( P <.001 for treatment difference). Conclusions Plasma TPA-ag levels at rest, and among male patients PAI-1 activity as well, independently predict subsequent CV death or MI in patients with stable angina pectoris. Impaired fibrinolytic reactivity to exercise is a novel factor related to CV prognosis. Effects of verapamil or metoprolol treatment on fibrinolytic function did not importantly influence CV prognosis.