Successful Irrigated-Tip Catheter Ablation of Atrial Flutter Resistant to Conventional Radiofrequency Ablation

Abstract

Background —Catheter ablation of typical right atrial flutter is now widely performed. The best end point has been demonstrated to be bidirectional isthmus block. We investigated the use of irrigated-tip catheters in a small subset of patients who failed isthmus ablation with conventional radiofrequency (RF) ablation. Methods and Results —Of 170 patients referred for ablation of common atrial flutter, conventional ablation of the cavotricuspid isthmus with >21 applications failed to create a bidirectional block in 13 (7.6%). An irrigated-tip catheter ablation was performed on identified gaps in the ablation line according to a protocol found to be safe in animals: a moderate flow rate of 17 mL/min and temperature-controlled (target, 50°C) RF delivery with a power limit of 50 W. Bidirectional isthmus block was achieved in 12 patients by use of a mean delivered power of 40±6 W with a single application in 6 patients and 2 to 6 applications in the other 6. No side effects occurred during or after the procedure. Conclusions —Irrigated-tip catheter ablation is safe and effective for achieving cavotricuspid isthmus block when conventional RF energy has failed.