Quantitative Assessment of Myocardial Viability After Infarction by Dobutamine Magnetic Resonance Tagging

Abstract

Background —The assessment of return of function within dysfunctional myocardium after acute myocardial infarction (MI) using contractile reserve has been primarily qualitative. Magnetic resonance (MR) myocardial tagging is a novel noninvasive method that measures intramyocardial function. We hypothesized that MR tagging could be used to quantify the intramyocardial response to low-dose dobutamine and relate this response to return of function in patients after first MI. Methods and Results —Twenty patients with a first reperfused MI (age, 53±12 years; 16 male; 11 inferior MIs) were studied. Patients underwent breath-hold MR-tagged short-axis imaging on day 4±2 after MI at baseline and during dobutamine infusion at 5 and 10 μg · kg −1 · min −1 . At 8±1 weeks after MI, patients returned for a follow-up MR tagging study without dobutamine. Quantification of percent intramyocardial circumferential segment shortening (%S) was performed. Low-dose dobutamine MRI was well tolerated. Overall, mean %S was 15±11% at baseline (n=227 segments), increased to 16±10% at 5 μg · kg −1 · min −1 dobutamine ( P =NS), 21±10% at peak ( P <0.0001 versus baseline and 5 μg · kg −1 · min −1 ), and 18±10% at 8 weeks ( P <0.004 versus baseline and peak). The increase in %S with peak dobutamine was greater in dysfunctional myocardium (103 segments, +9±10%) than in normal tissue (124 segments, +4±12%, P <0.0001). In dysfunctional regions, %S also increased from 6±7% at baseline to 14±10% at 8 weeks after MI ( P <0.0001). In dysfunctional regions that responded normally to peak dobutamine (≥5% increase in %S), the increase in %S from baseline to 8 weeks after MI (+9±9%) was greater than in those regions that did not respond normally (+5±9%, P <0.04). Midmyocardial and subepicardial response to dobutamine were predictive of functional recovery, but the subendocardial response was not. Conclusions —The response of intramyocardial function to low-dose dobutamine after reperfused MI can be quantified with MR tagging. Dysfunctional tissue after MI demonstrates a larger contractile response to dobutamine than normal myocardium. A normal increase in shortening elicited by dobutamine within dysfunctional midwall and subepicardium predicts greater functional recovery at 8 weeks after MI, but the response within the subendocardium is not predictive.