Affiliation:
1. Division of Nephrology Department of Internal Medicine University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center Groningen Groningen the Netherlands
2. Department of Medical Sciences School of Medical and Life Sciences Sunway University Bandar Sunway Selangor Malaysia
3. Department of Epidemiology University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center Groningen Groningen the Netherlands
4. Certe Department of Clinical Chemistry Martini Hospital Groningen Netherlands
5. Department of Cardiology University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center Groningen Groningen the Netherlands
Abstract
Background
The cause of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is poorly understood, and specific therapies are lacking. Previous studies suggested that inflammation plays a role in the development of HFpEF. Herein, we aimed to investigate in community‐dwelling individuals whether a higher plasma interleukin 6 (IL‐6) level is associated with an increased risk of developing new‐onset heart failure (HF) over time, and specifically HFpEF.
Methods and Results
We performed a case‐cohort study based on the PREVEND (Prevention of Renal and Vascular End‐Stage Disease) study, a prospective general population‐based cohort study. We included 961 participants, comprising 200 participants who developed HF and a random group of 761 controls. HF with reduced ejection fraction or HFpEF was defined on the basis of the left ventricular ejection fraction of ≤40% or >40%, respectively. In Cox proportional hazard regression analyses, IL‐6 levels were statistically significantly associated with the development of HF (hazard ratio [HR], 1.28; 95% CI, 1.02–1.61;
P
=0.03) after adjustment for key risk factors. Specifically, IL‐6 levels were significantly associated with the development of HFpEF (HR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.16–2.19;
P
=0.004), whereas the association with HF with reduced ejection fraction was nonsignificant (HR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.75–1.47;
P
=0.77). In sensitivity analyses, defining HFpEF as left ventricular ejection fraction ≥50%, IL‐6 levels were also significantly associated with the development of HFpEF (HR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.04–2.06;
P
=0.03) after adjustment for key risk factors.
Conclusions
IL‐6 is associated with new‐onset HFpEF in community‐dwelling individuals, independent of potential confounders. Our findings warrant further research to investigate whether IL‐6 might be a novel treatment target to prevent HFpEF.
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Subject
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Cited by
57 articles.
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