Heart Failure–Associated Changes in RNA Splicing of Sarcomere Genes

Author:

Kong Sek Won1,Hu Yong Wu1,Ho Joshua W.K.1,Ikeda Sadakatsu1,Polster Sean1,John Ranjit1,Hall Jennifer L.1,Bisping Egbert1,Pieske Burkert1,dos Remedios Cristobal G.1,Pu William T.1

Affiliation:

1. From the Department of Cardiology (S.W.K., Y.W.H., S.I., W.T.P.), Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, Mass; Children’s Hospital Informatics Program (S.W.K.), Boston, Mass; Department of Life Sciences (Y.W.H.), Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China; School of Information Technologies (J.W.K.H.), The University of Sydney and NICTA, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Medicine and Developmental Biology Center (S.P., J.L.H.), Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis...

Abstract

Background— Alternative mRNA splicing is an important mechanism for regulation of gene expression. Altered mRNA splicing occurs in association with several types of cancer, and a small number of disease-associated changes in splicing have been reported in heart disease. However, genome-wide approaches have not been used to study splicing changes in heart disease. We hypothesized that mRNA splicing is different in diseased hearts compared with control hearts. Methods and Results— We used the Affymetrix Exon array to globally evaluate mRNA splicing in left ventricular myocardial RNA from controls (n=15) and patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (n=15). We observed a broad and significant decrease in mRNA splicing efficiency in heart failure, which affected some introns to a greater extent than others. The profile of mRNA splicing separately clustered ischemic cardiomyopathy and control samples, suggesting distinct changes in mRNA splicing between groups. Reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction validated 9 previously unreported alternative splicing events. Furthermore, we demonstrated that splicing of 4 key sarcomere genes, cardiac troponin T ( TNNT2 ), cardiac troponin I ( TNNI3 ), myosin heavy chain 7 ( MYH7 ), and filamin C, gamma ( FLNC ), was significantly altered in ischemic cardiomyopathy and in dilated cardiomyopathy and aortic stenosis. In aortic stenosis samples, these differences preceded the onset of heart failure. Remarkably, the ratio of minor to major splice variants of TNNT2 , MYH7 , and FLNC classified independent test samples as control or disease with >98% accuracy. Conclusions— Our data indicate that mRNA splicing is broadly altered in human heart disease and that patterns of aberrant RNA splicing accurately assign samples to control or disease classes.

Publisher

Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)

Subject

Genetics (clinical),Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine,Genetics

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