Mononuclear Cell Adherence to Cultured Endothelium Is Enhanced by Hypertension and Insulin Resistance in Healthy Nondiabetic Volunteers

Abstract

Background —This study was initiated to compare the adherence to cultured endothelial cells of mononuclear cells isolated from normotensive and hypertensive individuals. Methods and Results —Mononuclear cell binding to endothelium was greater in patients with hypertension (32±1 versus 25±2; P <0.001) than in normal volunteers. There was a significant relationship ( r =0.42, P <0.01) between mononuclear cell binding and mean arterial pressure, independent of differences in age, sex, and body mass index. A significant relationship also existed between insulin resistance (estimated by the steady-state plasma glucose concentration during the insulin suppression test) and mononuclear cell binding in both the normotensive ( r =0.86, P <0.001) and hypertensive ( r =0.74, P <0.001) groups. Furthermore, multiple regression analysis demonstrated an independent relationship ( P <0.001) between mononuclear cell binding and both steady-state plasma glucose and hypertensive status. Conclusions —These results indicate that both hypertension and insulin resistance lead to changes in mononuclear cells that increase their adherence to cultured endothelial cells.