Descriptive study of decompression illness in a hyperbaric medicine centre in Bangkok, Thailand from 2015 to 2021

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to determine the characteristics of decompression illness patients and their treatment outcomes, at the Center of Hyperbaric Medicine, Somdech Phra Pinklao Hospital, one of the largest centres in Thailand. Methods: Past medical records of patients with decompression illness from 2015 to 2021 were retrieved and analysed. Results: Ninety-eight records of diving-related illness from 97 divers were reviewed. Most of the divers were male (n = 50), Thai (n = 86), and were certified at least open water or equivalent (n = 88). On-site first aid oxygen inhalation was provided to 17 divers. Decompression sickness (DCS) cases were characterised according to organ systems involved. The most prominent organ system involved was neurological (57%), followed by mixed organs (28%), musculoskeletal (13%), and pulmonary (2%). There were three cases of arterial gas embolism (AGE). Median presentation delay was three days. Ninety patients were treated with US Navy Treatment Table 6. At the end of their hyperbaric oxygen treatment, most divers (65%) recovered completely. Conclusions: Despite oxygen first aid being given infrequently and long delays before definitive treatment, treatment outcome was satisfactory. Basic knowledge and awareness of diving-related illnesses should be promoted among divers and related personnel in Thailand along with further studies.