Is there Inspiration Through Observation? A Meta-analysis on Goal Contagion (PREPRINT)

Author:

Brohmer Hilmar,Corcoran KatjaORCID,van Aert Robbie Cornelis Maria,Eckerstorfer Lisa V.

Abstract

Goal Contagion is a social-cognitive approach to understand how people are getting inspired by others: an observation of goal-directed behavior leads to an automatic inference of the goal on an implicit level before the goal is adopted and pursued thereafter. Most studies on goal contagion used an experimental design and measured either implicit inference or goal pursuit. There are many similarities between different studies (e.g., most use written stimulus material), but also crucial differences (e.g., the type of goal). To identify conditions under which goals are most contagious, we conducted a meta-analysis, including effects from published studies, unpublished studies and Registered Reports. The meta-analytic summary effect was small, g = 0.30, 95%CI [0.21; 0.40], τ² = 0.05, 95%CI [0.03, 0.13]. We investigated whether effects are lager for implicit inference or goal pursuit, if goals that are pursued by more people might be more contagious, if the manipulation material had an influence, and if control groups that were contrary to the goal might have driven the effect. None of these variables turned out to have a moderating effect on the results. Moreover, the original effect seemed to be biased through the current publication system: methods to correct for publication bias like p-uniform* lead to estimates of about half the size of the original effect. The meta-analytic estimate based on only unpublished studies and Registered Reports was close to zero. We suggest that future research on Goal Contagion makes use of Open Science practices to advance research in this domain.

Publisher

Center for Open Science

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