BackgroundSystematic and scoping reviews are being published in health sciences and medicine at an increasing rate. At each stage during the systematic or scoping review cycle, different challenges can arise, especially for a novice researcher. Some of these challenges relate to inadequate or limited training in research methods, reporting standards, and the publication cycle, resulting in poorly conducted or reported reviews being published. We aimed to identify the challenges and facilitators experienced by early career researchers when undertaking systematic and scoping reviews. MethodsUsing a scoping review approach, we conducted comprehensive searches in multiple databases. The selection criteria for screening were established a priori and pilot tested. We included studies that focused on scoping or systematic reviews undertaken by early career researchers in the health sciences and medicine. All levels of screening were performed by two independent reviewers, while conflicts were resolved by discussion or a third reviewer. Two reviewers independently extracted relevant data using a pre-tested form, and discrepancies were resolved through discussion. Results were analysed thematically.ResultsThe literature search yielded a total of 14967 citations. Upon completion of title and abstract screening, 148 references were deemed potentially relevant and reviewed. Subsequently, 8 documents fulfilled our eligibility criteria and were included. ConclusionThis scoping review provides an overview of the barriers early career researchers face when conducting systematic and scoping reviews such as time, experience and expertise, training and mentoring, and methods. We also found facilitators that can be harnessed to assist them including training and adhering to reporting guidelines.