Diagnostic screening of HPV genotypes in 555 Ecuadorian mestizo women of seven provinces, and comparison with other Latino American populations

Abstract

Objective: this paper aims to perform diagnostic screening of HPV in healthy Ecuadorian mestizo women, from seven provinces, and compare the findings with other Latin American populations. Material and methods: genotyping was done with two different oligonucleotides MY09 and MY11; a fragment of 450 base pairs was amplified, L1 region of the viral genome. Results: it analyzed 555 women, 35 were positive for HPV (6.3%). Genotypes found in relation to oncogenic risk, were 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 42, 45, 51, 52, 53, 58, 59, 61, 81. 12/35 women (34.3%) presented high-risk genotypes. Four positive cases were also observed in women older than 55 years (0.36%). The 14 published studies of Ecuadorian women showed that the most prevalent genotypes are 16, 18, 31, 52, 53, 56 and 58; while in the eight Latin American Studies the most prevalent are 16, 18, 31, 45, 52 and 58. Conclusion: although there are several studies on HPV genotyping on Latin American populations, there is an important gap related to ethnicity and the prevalence of the virus. In addition, most of them have not compared similar and common subtypes in the population. The general prevalence of HPV in the studied population was 6.3%. It found that genotypes 16, 18, 31, 52, 53, 56 and 58 are the most prevalent in Ecuadorian normal mestizo women. Genotypes 53 and 56 are common in Latino populations. Larger studies, in different ethnic groups are needed to identify other prevalent genotypes in certain geographical areas.