1. Cynda Hylton Rushton is Professor, Nursing & Pediatrics, Core Faculty Berman Institute of Bioethics, Johns Hopkins University, School of Nursing, 525 North Wolfe St, Box 420, Baltimore, MD 21205 (). Brett Daniel Kaylor is Research Associate, Center for Practical Bioethics, Kansas City University of Medicine and Biosciences, Kansas City, Missouri. Myra Christopher is President and CEO and the Kathleen M. Foley Chair in Pain and Palliative Care, Center for Practical Bioethics, Kansas City, Missouri.