Palliation of Thirst in Intensive Care Unit Patients: Translating Research Into Practice

Abstract

Background Thirst is prevalent among patients in intensive care units. A research-based “thirst bundle” was shown to significantly decrease thirst in these patients. Objective To implement a research-based thirst intervention performed by intensive care unit nurses and patients’ family members. Methods Nurses and family members were taught the thirst intervention through video training and project team reinforcement. The intervention was performed by nurses for 123 patients and by family members for 13 patients. Thirst was measured with a numeric rating scale of 0 to 10, a word scale of 0 to 3, or “yes/no” answers, whichever was easiest for the patient. Inferential statistics were used to assess changes in thirst scores over time. Also assessed were nurse and family member burden levels, family level of satisfaction, and patient enjoyment. Results Thirst scores on the numeric rating scale decreased significantly: from a mean (SD) of 7.9 (2.0) before to 3.9 (2.7) after the intervention for nurses (P < .001); and from 9.2 (1.5) to 5.3 (2.6) for family members (n = 13; P = .002). Word scale scores also decreased significantly, from a median (interquartile range) of 3 (3-3) before to 2 (1-2) after the intervention for nurses (P < .001). Most patients (96%) reported enjoying the procedure. Median burden levels were less than 2 on a numeric rating scale of 0 to 10. Conclusions The palliative “thirst bundle” significantly alleviated patients’ thirst and resulted in little caregiver burden. Further efforts are warranted to incorporate this intervention into intensive care unit practice.