Demographic Security in the Context of International Migration

Abstract

The demographic situation in Russia today remains extremely tense. The period of implementation of the Concept of the demographic policy of the Russian Federation is coming to an end and it is necessary to sum up the results, as well as to identify the remaining problems and determine possible prospects for the country’s demographic security. The article considers the issue of ensuring the demographic security of Russia in the framework of modern realities, when demographic problems are solved by attracting migrants from Eastern European and Asian states. The purpose of the study was to determine the prospects and possible consequences of attracting international migrants to the country, since the flows of international migration are not stable and depend on the socio-economic and political situation both in migrant-sending countries and migrant-receiving countries. An analysis of the dynamics of migration flows to Russia from abroad is carried out. It is revealed that in the future we can talk about the stability of migration flows only from the countries of Central Asia (Uzbekistan and Tajikistan) considering the demographic situation in these donor countries. It is determined that the quality of human capital and the standard of living of the population in the most promising donor countries are significantly lower than in Russia. An assumption was made about the growing problem of not only maintaining the population, but also maintaining the necessary quality of human resources to ensure the implementation of strategic programs and projects in the field of socio-economic development, as well as addressing issues of social support for migrants to prevent the threat of increasing poverty in the country. It is concluded that there is a need for a new approach to the management of migration flows aimed at ensuring the quality of the labor resources. It is proposed to provide conditions for training or retraining of labor migrants, as well as to solve the issue of financial affordability of such training, since most of the migrants are representatives of the poorest segments of the population.