Global Positioning System–Derived Workload Metrics and Injury Risk in Team-Based Field Sports: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Objective To evaluate the current literature regarding the utility of global positioning system (GPS)–derived workload metrics in determining musculoskeletal injury risk in team-based field-sport athletes. Data Sources PubMed entries from January 2009 through May 2019 were searched using terms related to GPS, player workload, injury risk, and team-based field sports. Study Selection Only studies that used GPS metrics and had injury as the main outcome variable were included. Data Extraction Total distance, high-speed running, and acute : chronic workload ratios were the most common GPS metrics analyzed, with the most frequent sports being soccer, rugby, and Australian rules football. Data Synthesis Many distinct workload metrics were associated with increased injury risk in individual studies performed in particular sport circumstances; however, the body of evidence was inconclusive as to whether any specific metrics could consistently predict injury risk across multiple team-based field sports. Conclusions Our results were inconclusive in determining if any GPS–derived workload metrics were associated with an increased injury risk. This conclusion is due to a myriad of factors, including differences in injury definitions, workload metrics, and statistical analyses across individual studies.