Affiliation:
1. School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
2. Human Mobility Research Centre, Kingston General Hospital, ON, Canada
3. School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
Abstract
Abstract
Context:
Proper conditioning of the neck muscles may play a role in reducing the risk of neck injury and, possibly, concussions in contact sports. However, the ability to reliably measure the force-time–based variables that might be relevant for this purpose has not been addressed.
Objective:
To assess the between-days reliability of discrete force-time–based variables of neck muscles during maximal voluntary isometric contractions in 5 directions.
Design:
Cohort study.
Setting:
University research center.
Patients or Other Participants:
Twenty-six highly physically active men (age = 21.6 ± 2.1 years, height = 1.85 ± 0.09 m, mass = 81.6 ± 9.9 kg, head circumference = 0.58 ± 0.01 m, neck circumference = 0.39 ± 0.02 m).
Intervention(s):
We used a custom-built testing apparatus to measure maximal voluntary isometric contractions of the neck muscles in 5 directions (extension, flexion, protraction, left lateral bending, and right lateral bending) on 2 separate occasions separated by 7 to 8 days.
Main Outcome Measure(s):
Variables measured were peak force (PF), rate of force development (RFD), and time to 50% of PF (T50PF). Reliability indices calculated for each variable comprised the difference in scores between the testing sessions, with corresponding 95% confidence intervals, the coefficient of variation of the typical error of measurement (CVTE), and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC [3,3]).
Results:
No evidence of systematic bias was detected for the dependent measures across any movement direction; retest differences in measurements were between 1.8% and 2.7%, with corresponding 95% confidence interval ranges of less than 10% and overlapping zero. The CVTE was lowest for PF (range, 2.4%–6.3%) across all testing directions, followed by RFD (range, 4.8%–9.0%) and T50PF (range, 7.1%–9.3%). The ICC score range for all dependent measures was 0.90 to 0.99.
Conclusions:
Discrete variables representative of the force-generating capacity of neck muscles under isometric conditions can be measured with an acceptable degree of reliability. This finding has possible applications for investigating the role of neck muscle strength-training programs in reducing the risk of injuries in sport settings.
Publisher
Journal of Athletic Training/NATA
Subject
Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine,General Medicine