Change of Public Policy Emphasis of Ensuring Employment in Rural Areas of Ukraine under the Conditions of Digital Transformation and Post-War Recovery

Abstract

he current state of the labor market in rural areas of Ukraine is highlighted in the scientific study, namely: the presence of a high level of unemployment, significant territorial differentiation, an imbalance between vacant jobs and the required level of qualification of employees, etc. The role of expanding the spectrum of influence of the knowledge economy on rural development and changes in rural areas caused by the latest technological solutions, such as the use of telecommunications, biotechnology and the Internet, is indicated. It is substantiated that the gradual technologization of social production based on the use of innovative technologies contributes to the creation of new quality jobs, the growth of demand for qualified generalists capable of entrepreneurial and managerial activities. It has been proven that the problem of the development of Ukrainian villages lies not so much in the insufficient number of sources of income, but in the absence of entrepreneurial spirit, optimism, initiative, low motivation, insufficient awareness of the rural population about the available opportunities and territories for their implementation, insufficient level of qualifications, etc. The priority directions for supporting employment in rural areas in the conditions of digital transformations and post-war recovery are outlined, which are as follows: support for the development of infrastructure facilities and new types of activities in the countryside; creation of conditions for continuous training and development of the village’s human potential on the basis of revealing the intellectual, creative and entrepreneurial abilities of the villagers; formation of the investment attractiveness of villages through investing funds in priority types of economic activity that correspond to the educational and qualification level of the rural population; creation of new jobs in new alternative sectors of the rural economy; creation of an accessible system for the formation of digital competences and professional training (in the digital sphere) for the inhabitants of rural areas, while simultaneously spreading the work of business incubators (in the digital sphere) to rural territorial communities and the population of rural areas.