THE INFLUENCE OF LABOR MIGRATION ON INTERREGIONAL COOPERATION WITHIN THE CARPATHIAN EUROREGION

Abstract

This article is devoted to the study of the process of labor migration within the Carpathian Euroregion. The authors consider the main motives and causes of migration, which are typical for the national level. A comparative analysis of the main economic indicators of the labor market in the countries of the regional union – Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania and Ukraine were held. In addition to economic processes, the authors consider migration policy and employment conditions in the most attractive neighboring countries for migrant workers. Considerable attention is paid to Poland, the country that is the largest recipient of migrant workers, according to data from both the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and the Polish Statistics Office. A brief description of the main parameters of employment of Ukrainians in the Polish labor market was given, together with the conditions and features of the country's migration legislation. The general trend of population aging, which is characteristic of all European countries without exception, as well as significant labor emigration from Poland to highly developed European countries, determines the country's migration tactics and strategy to maintain economic viability. The peculiarities of Hungary's migration policy as a country with high potential and the need to attract migrant workers are analyzed. The study proved the fact that Ukrainian citizens are the main migration resource for neighboring countries. The authors express the opinion about the high level of interdependence of the Carpathian Euroregion countries, in particular the neighboring EU countries directly depend on the labor force from Ukraine, which fills the gaps in the labor market, and Ukraine on the cash inflows from migrants. For example, the weight of money transfers of migrant workers in the gross regional product of Zakarpattia, Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk and Chernivtsi regions was analyzed. The most significant problems that accompany the labor emigration of the population are highlighted - illegal employment, disparities in the labor market of Ukraine and the problems of reintegration of migrant workers into society. It is determined that within the Carpathian Euroregion there is a very low level of cooperation to solve these problems, as a result, priority areas of interregional cooperation were proposed.