Atrioventricular Valvular Angiectasis in Sprague-Dawley Rats

Abstract

Subendothelial heart valve angiectasis has been reported in cows, dogs, pigs, rats, mice, and in human fetuses and newborns. We observed a high incidence (62 in 208 animals examined) of spontaneous angiectasis on the atrioventricular (AV) valves in 10– to 40–week-old Sprague-Dawley rats. The angiectasis was observed predominately on the septal cusp of the right AV valve and located near the AV ostium in 57 of 62 animals. Of the remaining 5 valvular angiectases, 2 were present on the parietal cusp of the right AV valve and 3 were on the left AV valve. The angiectases were single or multiple, ranging from 40 to 300 um in diameter and were characterized by light microscopy as blood-filled dilatations lined by endothelium. Spontaneously occurring abnormalities in normal laboratory animals, such as the spontaneous valvular angiectasis reported here, need to be differentiated from drug-related lesions.