Ophiopogonin D Represses Transforming Growth Factor-β1-Induced Proliferation and Inflammation of Airway Smooth Muscle Cells by Inhibiting P65/Adenosine 5'-Monophosphate-Activated Protein/Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Signaling Pathway

Abstract

Asthma, a common disease in children, is associated with proliferation and inflammation of airway smooth muscle cells. Ophiopogonin D is a bioactive steroid glycoside derived from the Japanese japonica rice root that has been shown to exhibit multiple biological activities through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Herein, we report that ophiopogonin D inhibits TGF-β1-induced proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells through suppression of p65/AMPK/NF-κB pathway. We therefore conclude that ophiopogonin D is a promising candidate therapeutic drug for childhood asthma treatment.