Considerations for Contraception Following Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction: Counseling and education on women's health, specifically contraception, following spinal cord injury (SCI) is an important component of care for women with SCI. While a plethora of available contraceptive options exists, research in this area is scarce. Objectives: This systematic review assesses the quality and quantity of research on contraception for individuals with SCI. Methods: Literature searches of three medical databases were performed to identify articles that addressed contraception and family planning for women with SCI. Articles were then screened in a two-stage selection process and evaluated for content. Results: Of 165 articles, 21 were identified that fit the inclusion criteria. The majority (66%) of articles were literature reviews or professional practice guidelines. Fourteen (66%) included information on short-acting hormonal oral contraception, 11 (52%) included information on long-acting reversible contraception, 15 (71%) included information on barrier methods, 6 (29%) included information on fertility awareness, 9 (43%) included information on permanent contraception, and one (5%) included information on emergency contraception. Discussion: This systematic review demonstrates a paucity of evidence-based information on contraception tailored to women with SCI. It highlights a need for research and comprehensive guidelines on primary and emergency contraception in this population.