INTENSIFICATION OF SUPERCRITICAL EXTRACTION OF TRITERPENE SAPONINS FROM ARALIA MANDSHURICA AND PANAX GINSENG

Abstract

This work is devoted to experimental research of the extraction of triterpene saponins from Aralia mandshurica and Panax ginseng using the supercritical extraction process. Triterpene saponins of Aralia mandshurica and Panax ginseng are polar compounds. Therefore, the supercritical extraction process was carried out in a supercritical carbon dioxide using a co-solvent – an aqueous solution of ethanol. A technique for carrying out the supercritical extraction process is described and a schematic diagram of a supercritical extraction apparatus proprietary design with an extractor volume of 22 ml is presented. The kinetic curves of the yield of extract are presented. This work is considering methods of intensification of the supercritical extraction process: optimization of operational conditions, superposition of fields. Optimization of operational conditions was carried out in the temperature range of 40 to 50 °С and pressures range of 120 to 200 bar. The phenomenon of retrogradation was noted when the temperature of the supercritical extraction process from Panax ginseng changed. The influence of the method of supplying supercritical carbon dioxide (constant supply throughout the process and pulse supply) was studied. The pulsed supply made it possible to significantly reduce the consumption of carbon dioxide – by 59.5% relative to the experiment with a constant consumption of carbon dioxide. The study of the effect of ultrasonic exposure (the method of superimposing fields) on the intensity of the supercritical extraction process was carried out. The usage of ultrasound led to an increase in the yield of extract. The largest amount of extract from Aralia mandshurica and Panax ginseng was obtained at 50 °С and 200 bar with the usage of ultrasonic exposure and at a constant supply of carbon dioxide (500 g/h) throughout the process. For citation: Khudeev I.I., Lebedeva E.S., Artemiev A.I., Kazeev I.V., Menshutina N.V. Intensification of supercritical extraction of triterpene saponins from Aralia mandshurica and Panax ginseng. ChemChemTech [Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol.]. 2023. V. 66. N 3. P. 108-118. DOI: 10.6060/ivkkt.20236603.6737.