Determinants of Corruption Crimes in Russia and Measures of Counteracting Them

Abstract

The authors of the article stress that corruption and crimes of corruption are currently among the most serious threats to the state security of the Russian Federation. Corruption counteraction has become a key direction of national domestic policy. A considerable number of anti-corruption measures have been developed and implemented in the law enforcement practice. An organizational mechanism of fighting corruption has been built, and key anti-corruption institutes have been enshrined in law. A search for new possible means and effective ways of corruption counteraction is among the priority directions of Russian jurisprudence. The existence of corruption and corruption crimes is determined by a complex of causes characteristic of both crime in general, and this type of crime in particular. Specific factors include causes of socio-economic, political, legal, organizational-managerial and psychological (mental) nature. All these causes are of systemic complex character. The position of the authors is based on the thesis that corruption counteraction is a complicated and long process involving all public institutes. It is impossible to totally eliminate all determinants of corruption, but the minimization of the influence of certain causes and conditions contributing to the spread of corruption crimes in the Russian Federation is quite a feasible task. An important role in counteracting corruption is played by administrative and legal measures connected with the use of special anti-corruption forms and methods, including anti-corruption planning, anti-corruption prediction, corruption risk analysis, anti-corruption monitoring, anti-corruption expertise of legal acts and their drafts. Thus, corruption counteraction in the Russian Federation is carried out in a systemic and consistent way, while the analysis of the causes and conditions of corruption makes it possible to counteract crimes of corruption more effectively.