Meta-Analysis of the Problem of Rehabilitation of Chemically Dependent Persons in Russian and Foreign Literature

Abstract

The article analyzes the domestic and foreign literature of recent years, aimed at studying the effectiveness of the rehabilitation process of chemically dependent persons. However, most of the results obtained by the researchers are not comparable with each other. Firstly, the reasons are related to differences in the theoretical approaches of the authors of the goals, objectives and mechanisms of the rehabilitation process, as well as the "blurring" of the effectiveness criteria. In Russian narcology the criterion for the success of the rehabilitation process is the persistence, duration and quality of the achieved remissions. As scientific and practical studies show, the persistence of remission is achievable when the period of abandonment of substance is complemented by a long rehabilitation period, thanks to which the individual's ability to function in society is restored. Foreign researchers who consider recovery as a "process", not as an "end point", come to the conclusion that after all the necessary stages of rehabilitation, it is necessary to provide constant long-term support. A significant amount of international research confirms the need for long-term support in the post-rehabilitation period. From the point of view of some Russian authors, rehabilitation is a multi-level process that includes an environment with a certain atmosphere in which both rehabilitators and specialists interact. However, there are currently no training manuals and recommendations that would collect and systematize scientific and practical information for specialists working in the field of rehabilitation of minors prone to substance use. In modern narcology it is necessary to improve the organizational principles and legislative framework of the entire system of rehabilitation process of chemically dependent persons.