Russian vaccines against COVID-19: their characteristics, efficacy and safety

Abstract

The review presents data on the types of vaccines designed to prevent the development of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19). The procedure for inclusion in the register of funds for use in emergency situations is considered. National regulatory authorities may decide to use vaccines before they are approved by the World Health Organization (WHO) due to the very lengthy registration process. The vaccines approved for use in the Russian Federation, their features, studied efficacy and safety data are listed. Data on the minimum frequency of serious adverse reactions arising from the use of vaccines against COVID-19, which are not comparable with the high frequency of deaths from this disease, are presented. The reasons for the need to develop their own vaccines are listed: the need to quickly vaccinate a huge number of the population during a pandemic, even before WHO registers in the register of funds for use in emergency situations, delays in the receipt of vaccines from countries where they are produced, the potential threat of leakage of pathogenic viruses and bacteria from biological laboratories, ensuring the economic security of the country during pandemics. Conclusions. There are a sufficient number of safe and effective vaccines against COVID-19 in the Russian Federation, developed using various technologies. In view of the ongoing pandemic of a new coronavirus infection, the use of vaccines is of great preventive importance for building individual and collective immunity. The successful development of domestic vaccines in the Russian Federation is important from the point of view of the epidemiological and economic security of the country.