THE MORPHOLOGY OF THE LUNGS AT THE EXPERIMENTAL ACUTE INJURY AND ITS PHARMACOCORRECTION

Abstract

The study of lung morphology under the influence of various environmental factors is of great interest for various areas of medicine and biology. The study of pathological changes in the respiratory part of the lung of rats with aspiration acute injury and the action of pharmacological correction was carried out. Acetone was used as a damaging agent, and HyperHAES was used as a means of pharmacological correction, containing 7.2% NaCl solution in combination with 6% hydroxyethyl starch, as well as a liposomal form of N-acetylcysteine, which was administered to experimental animals once intravenously after induction of acute lung injury. The control group of animals received antibiotic therapy. The staining of the slides was carried out using hematoxylin and eosin. A quantitative assessment of the histological signs of lung tissue damage was carried out. As a result of the study of preparations of the lungs, the degree of pulmonary edema was established, as well as the anti-edema effect of pharmacological corrections. On the 6th day of the experiment, the anti-edematous effect was retained only after the introduction of N-acetylcysteine. Histological examination of the lungs showed generalized destruction of the organ architectonics in response to the impact of a damaging factor and its reduction under the influence of pharmacological corrections. In the control group, the signs of acute lung injury were most extensive. One day after the administration of the HyperHAEC solution, there were no hemorrhages in the histological picture of the lungs. In a quantitative assessment of the histological signs of acute lung injury, it was shown that the maximum positive effect from the administration of HyperHAES develops 24 hours after application. N-acetylcysteine primarily led to a decrease in leukocyte infiltration and prevented the development of a suppurative process. The lung-protective effect of N-acetylcysteine was realized in 24 hours from the moment of administration and persisted until the 6th day of the experiment. The use of pharmacological correction agents in acute lung injury was reflected in the picture of the lethality of the experimental animals. When HyperHAES was applied, 37.5% of animals died by day 6, in the group with N-acetylcysteine - 28.6%, while in the control group all animals died.