Positive Effects of Plyometric Training on Increasing Speed, Strength and Limb Muscles Power in Adolescent Males

Abstract

The study purpose was to prove the effectiveness of a plyometric jumping jack, countermovement jump, and tuck jump training in increasing speed, strength, and limb muscle power in adolescent males. Materials and methods. A total of 33 subjects from Santri Pondok Pesantren An-Nur 2 Al-Murtadlo Malang Regency, males, aged 18-22 years voluntarily participated in the study. The subjects were divided into 3 intervention groups, namely PJJ (n = 11, plyometric – jumping jacks), PCJ (n = 11, plyometric – countermovement jump), and PTJ (n= 11, plyometric – tuck jump). Plyometric jumping jacks, countermovement jump, and tuck jump training was conducted for 30 minutes/session, intensity 70-90% 1-RM, frequency 3x/week for 6 weeks. Measuring limb muscle power used the Jump Meter Digital (MD) Test, measuring limb muscle strength used the Back & Leg Dynamometer, and measuring speed used the 30 m running test. The data analysis technique used the Paired Sample T-Test with a significance level of 5%. Results. The results obtained were as follows: mean speed between pretest and posttest on PJJ (4.56±0.16 vs. 4.36±0.15 second, (p ≤ 0.001)), PCJ (4.61±0.15 vs. 4.54±0.14 second, (p ≤ 0.001)), PTJ (4.55±0.19 vs. 4.48±0.18 second, (p ≤ 0.001)), limb muscle strength between pretest and posttest in PJJ (111.45±18.94 vs. 139.27±20.23 kg, (p ≤ 0.001)), PCJ (117.73±21.03 vs. 129.55±19.24 kg, (p ≤ 0.001)), PTJ (115.46±17.66 vs. 125.91±18.62 kg, (p ≤ 0.001)), limb muscle power between pretest and posttest in PJJ (422.86±34.61 vs. 493.12±49.24 joule, (p ≤ 0.001)), PCJ (410.70±38.25 vs. 462.20±38.55 joule, (p ≤ 0.001)), PTJ (404.20±45.63 vs. 441.78±46.90 joule, (p ≤ 0.001)). Conclusions. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that plyometric jumping jacks, countermovement jumps, and tuck jumps performed for 30 minutes/session, with an intensity of 70-90% 1-RM, frequency 3x/week for 6 weeks are effective in increasing limb muscle power, strength and speed.