Enzalutamide in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, real-world data

Abstract

Objective: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is used alone or in combination with docetaxel or androgen inhibitors in the initial treatment of metastatic prostate cancer (PC) (mPC). Enzalutamide is an androgen receptor inhibitor that is used orally and plays a role in different steps of the androgen receptor (AR) signal pathway. The aim of this study is to determine the real life data of patients using enzalutamide for metastatic PC. Material and Methods: The 118 patients from a totally 6 centers using enzalutamide treatment were included in this retrospective analysis. Clinical information of patients was recorded from patient files or automation records. Results: Median OS was 71 months, and median PFS was five months (4,1 – 5,9 months). There was no association of Gleason score with OS and PFS (p = 0.5 and p = 0.4, respectively). Although those who were metastatic at the time of diagnosis lived longer than those who developed metastases later, the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.9). Likewise, there was no relationship between the time of metastasis development and PFS (p = 0.2). There was no difference in OS and PFS between patients with visceral metastasis and those without (p = 0.3, p = 0.5, respectively). Conclusion: Enzalutamide is an effective and safe agent in accordance with the literature in the patient group included in this study, although some patients may have an unresponsiveness to enzalutamide or develop progression under the enzalutamide treatment. More studies are needed to understand which patient group can benefit more from enzalutamide.