The Use of Photographic and X-Ray Films for X-Ray Measurements

Abstract

AbstractExperiments were conducted on two underground nuclear tests with the primary objective of determining if high-intensity x-ray exposures can cause a failure of the photographic reciprocity law. The results of the experiments, which included exposures at intensities up to 1020 photons/cm2-sec, were in good agreement with standard diagnostic experiments. Thus, these results show that films receiving x-ray exposures do not experience high-intensity reciprocity failure, and, in so doing confirm photographic theory on this point.Measured latent-image regression curves and x-ray spectral sensitivity curves for commercially available films, obtained under laboratory-ambient condition and under a vacuum of 10−4 torr are presented. Anomalies in the film response are described, and the dependence of the response characteristics on the exposure environment and the emulsion characteristics is discussed. Suggestions are made for the use of films for x-ray measurements.