A retrospective study of the clinical and imaging features of 60 cases of odontogenic cutaneous fistula

Abstract

Background Odontogenic cutaneous fistulas (OCST) are pathological connections between the facial skin and oral cavity caused by chronic dental infection. They are often misdiagnosed or underdiagnosed by dermatologists. Aims This study explores the clinical and radiographic features of patients with odontogenic cutaneous fistulas. Methods This study retrospectively analysed the clinical data of 60 patients diagnosed with odontogenic cutaneous fistulas between January 2016 and February 2022. Results The study identified a predominance of OCST in males (53.3%) with a mean age of 49 years. There was a significant difference in the distribution between the maxillary and mandibular zones [(14/60, 23.3%) vs (46/60, 76.7%), p < 0.001]. Nodules are the most frequent morphology (48.3%). Imaging findings included periapical radiolucency, bone erosion and the presence of a sinus tract. All patients responded well to dental treatments with no recurrences noted. Limitations This is a retrospective study design and has a limited number of patients. Conclusion Collaborative efforts between dentists and dermatologists are crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment, enhancing patient outcomes.