Recent advances and future trends in hip arthroscopy

Abstract

Hip arthroscopy (HA) is a well-established minimally invasive technique used to treat a wide range of conditions. Technological innovations have expanded the scope of HA and improved its outcomes. Several authors have described post-less arthroscopy to overcome the risk associated with the use of the perineal post for obtaining distraction of the hip joint. Instrument refinement has improved the efficacy of labral repair and reconstruction. Several treatment strategies are available for articular cartilage defects including ACI, MACI, and mosaicplasty, to name a few. Some authors have suggested that ligamentum teres reconstruction is helpful in young active patients with femoroacetabular impingement experiencing subluxation of the hip joint. The incorporation of new technology and patient-specific approaches represents a new way to improve HA outcomes. Virtual reality simulation training is the key to overcoming the steep learning curve associated with HA and to achieve high standards early in a surgeon’s career. Computer-based navigation surgery may be the key to accurately resecting the cam deformity and reducing the rate of revision surgery due to inaccurate resection at the index procedure. Assessment and optimization of the baseline psychological state and effective pre-habilitation may also improve outcome measures. Adequate stratification of the pathology and assessment of baseline patient characteristics influences the long-term outcome following the HA.