Autism spectrum disorder and compliance with a removable orthodontic functional appliance: A case report

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a multifaceted developmental disability that originates from a neurological disorder, leading to difficulties in the development of social interaction and communication skills. Consequently, this poses a challenge in the provision of oral health care. We report a case of a 13-year-old male with ASD who was concerned about “sticking out upper front teeth.” The patient presented with a Class II Division 1 incisor relationship on a Class 2 skeletal base with retrognathic mandible. The malocclusion was complicated by spacing in the upper and lower arches, proclined upper labial segment, increased overjet 12mm, overbite 90% complete to teeth, and incompetent lip with lower lip trap. The canine relationship was Class II ½ unit bilaterally, and the molar relationship was Class II ½ unit on the right and Class II ¾ unit on the left. The IOTN score was 5a for dental health and 9 for aesthetics. Growth modification to encourage mandibular growth, using a removable Twin Block appliance. The patient displayed excellent compliance with the appliance and effectively addressed his concerns while boosting his self-esteem. By understanding and addressing the unique needs of patients with ASD in orthodontic treatment, patient’s comfort and overall experience can be enhanced along with the likelihood of a successful treatment outcome. Customized treatment plans that respect sensory sensitivities and communication preferences pave the way for a more positive orthodontic journey for individuals with ASD, ultimately leading to enhanced dental well-being and bolstered self-assurance in one’s smile.