Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio: A Biomarker for Predicting Systemic Involvement in Henoch–Schonlein Purpura

Abstract

Background: Henoch–Schonlein purpura (HSP) is one of the commonest entities included within the category of cutaneous vasculitis (CV). Our work is purposed to explore the predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) for systemic involvement in Henoch– Schonlein purpura patients. This ratio is known as an inflammatory marker, and is used to assess the systemic inflammation associated with various diseases. Our objective is to establish whether it can be applied for the prediction of renal and gastrointestinal (GI) or purely renal involvement in Henoch–Schonlein purpura. Aim: To determine the relationship between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and systemic involvement in Henoch–Schonlein purpura Methods: This is a retrospective review of the patients who were diagnosed with Henoch–Schonlein purpura in our hospital between 2012 and 2018. Results: A total of 57 patients met our inclusion criteria. Pre-treatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was significantly associated with renal and/or GI manifestations of the disease (p<0.001). The optimal cut-off value of this ratio for predicting systemic involvement was 2.48, with a 95% specificity and a 94% sensitivity. In addition, pretreatment ratio was also found to be significantly correlated with the severity of relevant systemic manifestations of Henoch–Schonlein purpura (r=0.831; p<0.01). Limitations: The small number of patients recruited for our research, its retrospective design, and the inclusion of patients attending the same hospital. Conclusion: This study suggests that neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is suitable as a potential indicator for predicting the systemic involvement in Henoch–Schonlein purpura.