Association of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Coronary Artery Diseases in Women of a Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) exhibits a high prevalence, particularly among individuals possessing established risk factors and concurrent medical conditions. This study aims to elucidate the link between sleep apnea and coronary artery disease (CAD). Objectives: The objectives of this study were as follows: To assess the effect of OSA in women with CAD and also to have a comparison with that of men with CAD. Materials and methods: It is a case–control study done in 122 patients with OSA. Factors such as age, body mass index, physical activity, frequent junk food intake, and presence of diabetes were assessed. Results: Sixty-one cases having CAD and 61 controls not having CAD were taken. With 95% confidence interval (with an upper level of 6.906 and lower level of 1.550), the odds ratio obtained is 3.272. Hence, there is a statistically significant association between OSA and CAD. At the same time, the study proves that the coexistence of OSA with CAD exacerbates CAD. The study also shows that women with OSA are having increased risk of CAD compared to that of men. Conclusion: There is statistical association between OSA and CADs where OSA has a significant effect on the severity of CAD and vice versa. Women having OSA are at a higher risk of developing CAD than that of men.