Gender Specific Difference and Clinical Spectrum of COVID-19 Patients Admitted in Tertiary Care Hospital of Northern India

Abstract

Objectives: In a tertiary care hospital in Northern India, we examined the demographic, biochemical, and clinical risk factors related to gender differences in COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out in a hospital with tertiary care. In this retrospective comparative observational study the data was collected from march 2020 to end of COVID pandemic. Analyses were done on the n = 1068 individuals who were hospitalized during the study period. Results: There were 1068 individuals evaluated in the trial, with a male-to-female ratio of 2.3:1. Males and females had similar mean ages (55.84 vs. 55.44 years). Difference was found to be statistically significant in asthmatic boys and females (P = 0.01). In our study, a novel severity score (NSS) was utilized to forecast inpatient mortality in COVID-19 patients. NSS scores were higher for men (2.95) than for women (2.65), with P = 006. Under the categories “Expired,” “discharged against medical advice (DAMA),” and “Discharged,” all the criteria that have been previously analyzed were compared. Based on the number of comorbidities, there was a clear, significant difference between patients who were discharged, expired, and under DAMA, with a P = 0.001. Majority of patients with comorbidities that most frequently impacted the cardiovascular and respiratory outcomes. Conclusion: Studies conducted globally found that men experienced a higher rate of mortality. Our study also indicates that when the number of comorbidities rises, the death rate rises. Therefore, individuals with a larger number of comorbidities, such as hypertension, diabetes, coronary artery disease, and peripheral vascular disease, should exercise particular vigilance.