The effect of Centella asiatica, cinnamon, and spirulina as neuroprotective based on histopathological findings in ratus Sprague Dawley with traumatic brain injury

Author:

Rosyidi Rohadi Muhammad1,Wardhana Dewa Putu Wisnu2,Priyanto Bambang1,Januarman Januarman3,Zulkarnaen Decky Aditya4,Prihatina Lale Maulin5,Rusidi Hanan Anwar6,Rozikin Rozikin7

Affiliation:

1. Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Mataram University, General Province West Nusa Tenggara Hospitals, Mataram, Indonesia.

2. Department of Neurosurgery, Udayana University Hospital, Medical Faculty of Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia

3. Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mataram University, General Province West Nusa Tenggara Hospitals, Mataram, Indonesia.

4. Department of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, Mataram University, General Province West Nusa Tenggara Hospitals, Mataram, Indonesia.

5. Department of Pathology Anatomy, Medical Faculty, Mataram University, General Province West Nusa Tenggara Hospitals, Mataram, Indonesia.

6. Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia

7. Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Al Azhar Islamic University, Mataram, Indonesia

Abstract

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global health problem with the potential to cause dangerous neurological problems. Based on histopathological findings in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats with TBI in the acute phase, the study seeks to discover the effect of Centella asiatica, cinnamon, and spirulina as neuroprotective. Methods: We conducted an experimental study with 30 SD rats randomly divided into three groups. The intervention was the administration of C. asiatica, cinnamon, and spirulina to the control and the experimental groups. Histological features were assessed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemical examination. The data were analyzed using statistical analysis through correlation tests. Results: The test samples’ average body weights had P > 0.05, indicating no significant difference in the test sample body weights. Therefore, the variations in the expression level of the dependent variable were expected to be caused by the induction of brain injury and the administration of C. asiatica, cinnamon, and spirulina. In addition, the variables were not normally distributed. Thus, the Spearman test was carried out and showed the correlation was very strong, with a value of r = 0.818 and P < 0.05. Conclusion: Based on histopathological findings from the brains of SD rats with TBI, pegagan, cinnamon, and spirulina will protect the brain (neuroprotective) in the acute phase.

Publisher

Scientific Scholar

Reference51 articles.

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