Depressive and generalized anxiety symptoms in adults awaiting cataract surgery in India

Author:

KUMAR S.G. PREM1,RANPISE DHANAJI1,CHAVAN SHOBHANA1,VISHWAKARMA PANKAJ1,KRISHNAN RADHIKA2,KURIAN ELIZABETH1

Affiliation:

1. Mission for Vision, Office 45, Maker Chamber VI, 220 Jamnalal, Bajaj Marg, Nariman Point, Mumbai 400021, Maharashtra, India

2. Aditya Jyot Foundation for Twinkling Little Eyes, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

Abstract

Background Systematic data on mental health issues among adults awaiting cataract treatment are not readily available in India. We explored the prevalence and predictors of depressive and generalized anxiety (GA) symptoms in a cohort of adults awaiting cataract surgery. Methods Our study is based on data from baseline assessments which were conducted as part of a multicentre prospective, longitudinal cohort study. Subjects were recruited from four eye hospitals to assess depression and GA and associated risk factors using standardized scales, i.e. Center for Epidemiologic Studies–Depression Scale (CES-D) and Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7). Variation in the intensity of depression and GA was assessed using multiple classification analysis (MCA). Results A total of 813 adults awaiting cataract surgery participated, of whom 456 (56.1%) were men. The mean (SD) CES-D and GAD-7 scores were 24.6 (7.8) and 6.3 (SD 4.2) for men and 25.8 (8.9) and 6.9 (4.4) for women, respectively. The overall prevalence of depression score of >16 was 87.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] 84.7%– 89.6%), and GA score of >10 was 57.1% (95% CI 53.5%–60.7%). The prevalence of comorbid depressive and anxiety symptoms was 56.6% (95% CI 52.9%– 60.2%). MCA showed that being neglected and mistreated by family/friends because of vision condition and facing difficulty and requiring help with daily tasks had the highest effect on the intensity of both depression (beta=0.254 and 0.238, respectively) and GA (beta=0.219 and 0.211, respectively). Conclusion The majority of adults with untreated cataract had both depressive and GA symptoms. These findings could be used for planning mental health interventions for adults awaiting cataract surgery.

Publisher

Scientific Scholar

Subject

General Medicine

Reference66 articles.

1. World report on vision;World Health Organization,2019

2. Universal eye health: A global action plan 2014-2019;World Health Organization,2013

3. Determinants of vision function related quality of life of patients undergoing unilateral cataract surgical services in charitable hospitals in India: A multi-center prospective cohort study;Kurian;Int J Community Med Public Health,2018

4. Association of cataract surgery with mortality in older women: Findings from the women's health initiative;Tseng;JAMA Ophthalmol,2018

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