5-aminolevulinic acid-guided endoscopic biopsy with violet light-emitting diode flashlight in malignant glioma: Technical note

Abstract

Background: 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) has enabled better identification of malignant tumor cells and real-time intraoperative guidance. Here, we report a reasonable procedure for 5-ALA-guided endoscopic biopsy with a violet light-emitting diode (LED) flashlight for deep-seated malignant gliomas. Methods: A 63-year-old man presented with a headache and left upper homonymous quadrantanopia. Imaging studies showed atypical lesions with non-significant and partial contrast enhancement in the right deep temporo-occipital lobe. An endoscopic biopsy was performed under the guidance of 5-ALA PDD with a violet LED flashlight. Results: The tumor tissues, which were difficult to distinguish from normal brain parenchyma under white light, were positive for 5-ALA fluorescence. The histopathological diagnosis was astrocytoma (the World Health Organization grade 3). The patient underwent adjuvant chemoradiation therapy. Headache and anopia improved, and no recurrence was observed at 12 months follow-up. Conclusion: This technique of neuroendoscopic biopsy guided by 5-ALA PDD fluorescence with a violet LED flashlight may allow a safe and accurate diagnosis of deep-seated malignant gliomas.