Immune-Mediated Glomerulonephritis as Type 2 Lepra Reaction Posttreatment of Lepromatous Leprosy: A Case Report

Abstract

Leprosy, an infectious disease known for its debilitating effects on the skin and nerves, can trigger immunologic reactions affecting multiple organs. We present the case of a 57-year-old male who developed acute glomerulonephritis following leprosy treatment. Clinical examination revealed newly developed pitting edema in the legs, along with residual nerve thickening and skin changes. Laboratory findings showed elevated serum creatinine (3.2mg/dl) accompanied by low C3 and C4 levels. Urinalysis supported the diagnosis of glomerulonephritis. Renal biopsy demonstrated immune complex deposition on immunofluorescence, suggesting a diagnosis of leprosy-related post-treatment immune-mediated glomerulonephritis. Treatment with oral steroids led to complete resolution of the condition.