1. Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States.
2. Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States.
3. Department of Center for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States.
4. Center for Skull Base Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States.